GRE Issue Essay: The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.

The best way to teach is to praise positive actions and ignore negative ones.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

I agree with the above statement that the best way to teach is to praise positive actions; however ignoring the negative action is not a good approach for personal growth of many of the people around.

Whether they are pupil at school, kids at home, or the employees in any organization, positive actions must be appreciated while keeping notice of the negative deeds. At home when parents ignore the negative actions of kids they get worst by practicing negative things again and again. For example if a kid steals things of her friends or anywhere, and knowing the fact parents ignore their actions. Then they would keep on practicing it if parents ignore and a day will come they will be committing robbery at a large scale. For this reason it is essential to take notice of the negative actions of the kids and to stop them from doing it. Alternatively if parents could teach them and avoid them from practicing negative things kids would not practice them over again.

Praising people for their good works gives them motivation, either it would be among co workers or the students. Highlighting negative actions in front of many other people may hurt them therefore it is a better option to teach them individually and having a face to face conversation.

I have personal experience that when I was at school I was very shy and I did not use to participate in class discussions because I had no command over English language neither Urdu. I assume that was one of the negative aspects of my personality which remained with me for a long period of time; these characteristics were also ignored by my teacher to large extent too. Teacher used to have very thorough discussions in class with the more efficient students however she did not take notice of the others. Its ultimate impact on me was that I was high discouraged and it took me many years to come over it and start over things again.

Thus in any aspect of life positive actions must be appreciated, along with that negative actions must also be taken into consideration.

Issue Essay:No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside that field.

No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside that field.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

At a first glance the statement seems very much convincing to me, however thorough research put me to partially agree with the statement. The author states that unless we have information and experience form out the field, we cannot significantly advance in main concentration.

I partially agree with the statement, although it is important for everyone to have knowledge of the other fields, but to have experience is not mandatory. I would like to support my argument with a pragmatic example. Suppose if I am medical officer I should have enough information about the working conditions of the labor in various industries, so that I can give them precautions for their health safety. Moreover I can treat according to the working condition they are exposed to; however it is not essential for me to have experience as a worker.

The shortcoming of the having a comprehensive experience of the other field it that, firstly, it is not possible for anyone to spent enough energy to have experience of the other fields, and neither it is pragmatic. Additionally if we invest enough time and energy to have experience of the other fields, we would deviate from the main concentration, which is neither productive nor pragmatic approach.

Secondly, in the current competitive age, unless we have information about many other fields we are unable to progress. For example, in order to survive in this competitive environment we should we able use internet efficiently.

I would like to add another example, I am a student of Economics, in order to have more understanding of the field I should have proper understanding of mathematics, as well Statistics. In case I have abstruse understanding of the fields I will not be able to interpret result of the economic results; as a result I will have a spurious understanding of things.

Similarly an engineering student needs to have command over mathematics, as long as he is going to play with the formulae. But in case he fails to understand the mathematical calculations in his studies he will not be able to bring out proper result.

Thirdly, there are some universal subjects, there is a dire need of understanding these subjects, due to reason that, no subject of can survive without them. Among these subjects is mathematics, which is backbone of the all subjects. The point does not end here, every other field, including business, medicine, social sciences and arts are inter dependent on each other.

Forth, I would like to mention some exceptional cases, in which even though if a person has not knowledge of the other fields, still he can survive. This rule applies if one does anything as amateur. We can take example of paintings, and writing. In these field event the professional do not have enough knowledge of other fields, they progress far beyond.

Concluding, with the emerging competition among the various fields there is dire need of understanding of knowledge of other fields. To best of my understanding, until and unless various fields incorporate knowledge and experience of other fields it is hard to progress efficiently.

Issue Essay: People's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.

People's behavior is largely determined by forces not of their own making.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

Human behavior is effected by many of the aspects his surroundings. They include the lessons which have been taught by our parents, schooling, and the company.

A man is a social animal; therefore each aspect of his behavior is determined by the environment in which he lives.

We can take many examples in our daily lives. For example a kid who is exposed to domestic violence, it contributes too much in his life either in negative way or positive way. His attitude would not be similar to a kid who belongs to a family having a very good family environment, and who has been pampered in every aspect of life.

Socio-economic conditions effects humans’ life in many ways. A person’s attitude would be according to the environment he has been exposed to. A positive and a healthy environment carves the personality of an individual to a decent personality, contrarily an individual who has been exposed to negative environment would be involved in the social evils. It is a common factor that those people who have been under the limitation of economic instability, they involve in crimes and theft. Such traits of the people become dominant when they practice it at a larger scale.

Therefore I agree with the statement that the behavior of an individual is a wholly determined by the forces including the socio-economic factors and their behavior is not their own making.

Issue Essay:Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness

Nations should pass laws to preserve any remaining wilderness areas in their natural state, even if these areas could be developed for economic gain.

Write a response in which you discuss your views on the policy and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider the possible consequences of implementing the policy and explain how these consequences shape your position.

The natural flow of the environment will be interrupted in case people will start deforestation. Many of the species will be in danger. Additionally these things will also contribute to the natural disasters including floods.

Keeping in view these aspects it is essential to pass laws which would monitor all these factors. Many times deforestation is essential due to the frequently rising needs of the people as well the rising population and scare resources. However if there would be no laws to monitor this deforestation people will unending destroy the natural resources. However to have some deforestation keeping in view the comparative advantage makes sense.

We can example of an area where the construction of the hospital is required, since a hospital at a large scale could not be built in the residential area therefore it is essential to build in the nearby the area after cutting off the forests. Similarly many of the industries could also be build for the economic benefit. In such cases laws are essential so that such action can be taken keeping both the costs as well benefits.

Therefore it is essential to formulate laws so as to keep flexibility to preserve the natural resources. On the other hand reduction of natural areas including various species would destroy their habitants and the whole ecosystem will be disturbed.

Keeping in view the above points governments and the regulatory authorities should establish and pass laws so that it could help to preserve further wilderness of the natural state of the environment. 

Issue Essay-Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary

Some people believe that government funding of the arts is necessary to ensure that the arts can flourish and be available to all people. Others believe that government funding of the arts threatens the integrity of the arts.

Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented. Art is the identity therefore it is essential to preserve it.

Art is a depiction of the way of living of a nation in respect of musical, food and physical aspects etc. This is also a perfect way to express the creativity, and the freedom of expression. With the help of art one can express the diversity and pluralism.

It is Essential to preserve the art; there are many people who lost their identity due to the reason that they do not preserve their art.

In the current context no matter what ever is the source of funding the preservation of the art is essential. Funding from the government could have very positive impact on the art; this funding could let various projects be established in order to improve the skills of the citizens irrespective of the age. Most of the time adults and senior citizens have a great taste of preserving the art. Only they can better represent the origins of the art and the several cultural aspects. Additionally children have great sense of perceiving things and getting the deeper and clear understanding of the matters.

In my opinion government funding would be one of the great aspects for preserving the art. Governments should have establishment by law in order to make it effective for the long time. Special project must be established to ensure the provision of art education. The funding must be available to all the people irrespective of geographical boundaries.

Conversely, if art is not preserved it would not impact the identity of a nation but a nation will also loss its values. Therefore it should be one of the important subjects of the government.

Issue-Young people should be encouraged to pursue long-term, realistic goals rather than seek immediate fame and recognition.

Young people should set long term goals in order to achieve success instead of the immediate recognition and fame. Goal setting is an important factor in order to be successful either in the short run or in the long run, and without goals a person is like a bird without wings which flies without any direction.

Setting goal leads people to have a properly figured path way in which one is required to move ahead while concentrating on specific thing and keeping in view the destination. Proper set of goals for destination results in another aspect of the guidelines which helps to be at the best.

Additionally it helps us to remain focused, which also leads us to put our efforts on a focused thing so that could be achievable. Momentary success can be worth attractive, but they do not the same level of guarantee which a long run success can have. So, one is required not to be in hurry in order to achieve it. Moreover short run success is exceptional as well.

True success comes through the hard paths, and sometimes after passing through miserable moments in lives. It also requires hard work of several years. True success never comes without hard work and consistency. It is true that slow and steady efforts can help one to wins the race. All those people who have invented things, who have made difference in their lives are as a result of the long run efforts as well as setting long run goals.

Hard work results in remarkable achievement therefore one should keep up his goals and put his or her efforts in the right direction.

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Issue Essay- Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.

Educational institutions have a responsibility to dissuade students from pursuing fields of study in which they are unlikely to succeed.

Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.

Educational institutions play vital role in success of students. They contribute their level best to provide quality education. I strongly agree with the statement that educational institutions have a responsibility to convince students for not pursuing field in which they are unlikely to succeed for following reasons.

To begin with, teacher can better judge a student based on the interaction between teacher and student, including classroom, library, group interaction and exams time etc. The teacher can help student that in which field it is more likely to succeed and in which field it will be unlikely. Because teacher will not decide blindly, teacher can understand student skills in specific field and will have better knowledge about long term scope of that specific field. For example when I asked my teacher to give me suggestion regarding which field I should select for research, he suggested me research on cancer, though he himself working on different domain. After his suggestion I searched on that specific field and I found this specific field is leading while attracting researchers of the whole world.

Secondly sometimes students are good in different subjects but they are confused which subject they have to choose. Teachers give suggestions based on their experience, future scope and student capacity to carry on in that specific field.

Some people argue that it is only responsibility of student to select his field based on interest and they give and they give Albert Einstein example.  I think that all cannot be like Einstein, there are very few examples of this, so based on few examples we cannot recommend that to all students.  I do believe that while taking decisions teachers must consider what is interest and passion of student, In addition they should not discourage students like you cannot perform well in this subject. They should rather convince student that this field more suits you and more likely you will be succeed.

Conclusively based on student interest and skill it is responsibility of teacher to persuade him toward field in which he can excel and become successful.

Disclaimer: The above is a guest post.

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Issue Essay- Class competition,High Grades-Quality of learning

Some people believe that competition for high grades motivates students to excel in the classroom. Others believe that such competition seriously limits the quality of real learning.

Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.

Knowledge and grades are two diverse aspects of the education. A person who earns good grades does not necessarily have sound knowledge, and a person with sound knowledge does not necessarily have a good academic back ground.

In case students are guided to get good grades they only reproduce what they have been taught, cramping of the things became a common practice in this case, which results in limiting the quality of the real learning.

Competition among students to get good grades destroys the learning of the students as they only focus on the few things. Learning with a purpose of learning is totally different from learning for a purpose of getting marks. It is a common observation that student focus on the selective topics which they expect to appear in the exam, or which the teacher point to be important. Conversely they let all or many of the other topics aside, which are less important from an exam point of view, which although are as important as the others.

Other aspect of this practice has worsening effects on the mental as well as physical health of students. In early school days when students realize that to be at the first position is what their parents expect from them, they start working to the point and put pressure on the minds, which does not only decrease efficiency but also limits their thinking abilities. During the early days of schooling if they are told to learn from point A to point B, their brains would be trained in the same ways, thus worsening the capacity of the brain to think out of the box. It is essential for the brain to think properly for its proper growth and nourishment. In addition to that students also feel physical weakness as a result of the mental pressure. This is why because the disease of exam fever has been emerged during the past few years.

Concluding, it is essential for the teachers and the educational institutions to give free hand and to judge the students from several perspectives as only getting good marks does not predict the better capabilities of students. There are many examples like Mark Zukerberg, who although were not high scorers in the class, but they proved that they have the real talent and made a big difference among all others. Therefore competition for high grades is not a good way of learning in a class room.

Dear Reader, your feedback would be highly appreciated. 

Issue Essay- Government should provide free education

Governments should offer a free university education to any student who has been admitted to a university but who cannot afford the tuition.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

Education is basic right of a person; through education the standard of life of people can be changed. It also helps in the poverty reduction. Those families who cannot afford education, it is really hard for them to get rid of the poverty; it is only education which they can use as a chief source to change the life style of the family. There are many students who due to financial matters cannot go to the university. Due to which there is a loose of talent and potential, as lack of resources do not let them to carry on education. In order to preserve and flourish that talent provision of education is essential.

Additionally there are many families who have enough resources, but children of such families are not that much productive as they rely over the resources which their parents have saved for them. As a result they cannot contribute as efficiently.

Providing free education to such students who cannot afford can also help in unequal distribution of wealth and resources. Free education helps the individuals to change their lives at first stage, secondly they contribute to change the standard of living of their families, and thirdly they can contribute to the nation as a whole.

Moreover education for all is the right of citizens and duty of the government. Providing free higher education can help to increase the literacy rate of the country as a whole, resulting an educated nation and advancement of the mind.

Concluding, education is the most durable investment which a government does in any country. This is increase in capacity building of human capital resulting in progress and development of the whole society. Therefore it is chief responsibility of government to provide university education to all those who cannot afford it. 

In case of any mistake, I would be glad to have your feedback. Please comment in the bar below. :)

Argument Essay 11: The memorandum from the business manager of the listener-supported public radio station states,

The memorandum from the business manager of the listener-supported public radio station states that, Their Folk on the Air program devoted more time to Latino music and world music and less time to the Traditional American folk music, in order to broaden their support base. However in the recent months, many of the complaints have been received regarding the biasness of the program. More over an editorial has also been appeared in the local newspaper. Therefore in order to avoid further losses of the list News they should reallocated the time specified for both the programs.

The argument seems convincing at first, however close scrutiny reveals that there are certain flaws, which needs to be properly investigation. 

First of all the author states that, it has been a year since the on the air program has changed its allocation of time. But the complaints received are in the last month, which depicts that if there was an issue related to the time allocation the complaints would have been received soon after the time allocation has been changed. The complaint in the recent times reveals that there are issues other than the time allocation of the programs. There is possibility that, the quality of the broadcasting is not good therefore it has been complained.

Secondly the author suggests that the editorial has appeared in some local newspaper, which depicts that there is some limited population in any town who is not interested in the shifting of the program. The sample of the people who are not interested in the program shifting is very small, therefore on the basis of the such small sample we cannot say that the listener-supported public radio station would loss all of its additional supporters.

Third, complaints from the certain area or locality do not provide good evidence of the interest of the all other listeners. There is possibility that a high population of listeners is interested in Latino and world music as compared to American folk music. Therefore allocating less time to the American folk music may not result in loss of huge number of the listeners.

The author is unnecessarily compares the programs and claim that they should reallocate the time. He has to do more scholarship about why the people complain about the shifting of the program only in the last few months, provided there had not been any issue in the last year. Moreover receiving complaints in the last few months must have many other reasons other than the time allocation for the both programs.

In order to convince the reader the business manager needs to mention clear reason based on evidence, that why the listener-supported public radio station has received so many complaints. For this reason more scholarship is required.

Argument Essay 10:The report which appeared in the newsletter of the GoldenAge and Assisted Living Facilities

The report which appeared in the newsletter of the GoldenAge and Assisted Living Facilities for senior’s states that according to a 21 year study led by the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and funded by the National Institute on Aging, a novel therapy has been introduced which decreases the incidence of dementia in our aging community. It states that only frequent dancing can prevent seniors from dementia. Therefore it is suggested the social dance programs at all GoldenAge senior residences must  be established so as to make it cost effective way to ward off demential and enable residents to remain in their independent living quaters. Otherwise it would be costly to operate assisted living quarters.

The author provides a range of evidences in order to prove that the establishment of the dance social dance programs at the GoldenAge senior residences. However close consideration of the above arguments seems less convincing based on the following points.

First of all the author does not clearly depict whether the seniors of the GoldenAge have severe dementia. There is possibility that the effect has existed for only few days. He does not clearly mention how much of the population of GoldenAge have the issue and for how long did it existed. If only few people face the problem than setting a social dance program would possibly be more costly than shifting them to the operate assisted living quarters.

Secondly, the author has not properly explained how the setting of a social dance program would be more cost effective. The area in which the GoldenAge exist may have very less resources due to which it may become more costly to send the few people o the assisted living quarters.

There is possibility that if the GoldenAge Independent establishes the dance program will not be used by them in the later years. It depends upon the taste of the people which will decide whether it will be costly or not.

One more thing which is very obscure is that, the GoldenAge has every possible opportunity other than the dance facility. Which reveals that people may not have dementia for the last 21 years, if they had dementia for the last 21 years than they had established a social dance program?

Concluding, the report lack some logic due to which it is not convincing, therefore GoldenAge Independent needs to do more scholarship whether to establish a social dance program or not.

Issue Essay 7: A true university education encompasses far more than the narrow, specialized study of a single discipline

A true university education encompasses far more than the narrow, specialized study of a single discipline. Only through exploring the board spectrum of liberal arts courses can students become truly learned.

The author points down his views about the university studies, he explains that instead of providing some narrow subjects the university should offer a board spectrum of liberal arts courses which can help students to truly learn things.

Close consideration of the above issue reveals that the statement is a very generalized. First of all the university studies is not all about studying the liberal arts only. Various fields, including business, engineering, medical, social sciences needs to be offered at universities, instead of offering only liberal arts.

Moreover we also have to give a heed to the interest of the students around. Offering only liberal arts does not mean every student will be interested in studying liberal arts. There are many students who are interested to study professional degrees like medical, and engineering.

If all the universities will provide only the liberal arts, they may fail to gain their objectives. Offering liberal arts subjects can only convince few students due to which they will not have enough strength offer subjects.

In addition to that liberal arts would improve skills of the students in only a single direction. If the students will have exposure too many subjects they will surely, they will start out of the box. These way students can better learn in a more comprehensive way. In contrarily, there may be several students who love to study liberal arts only. In that case providing a broad spectrum of liberal arts can help students to become truly learned.

As per my experience, in the recent years I have seen many of the students are more interested in studying information technology subjects as compared to all the others. This is because of the reason that the more the world is getting closer due to the information technology, the more it is becoming sophisticated.

In additional to that, the world is becoming more entrepreneurial based as compared to before. The idea of entrepreneurship is taking over the world in the recent years, in comparison to that the entrepreneurship courses are rarely offered at different universities. It is essential for the universities to take in to consideration current situation of the markets before deciding which subject is to be offered.

Concluding, I disagree with the subject matter of the above issue. Offering broad spectrum of liberal arts does not necessarily help students to truly learn things; universities are therefore required to provide a wide range of subjects so that students can truly learn things.  

Argument Essay 9:The following was written by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.

The following was written by a group of developers in the city of Monroe.

"A jazz music club in Monroe would be a tremendously profitable enterprise. At present, the nearest jazz club is over 60 miles away from Monroe; thus, our proposed club, the C Note, would have the local market all to itself. In addition, there is ample evidence of the popularity of jazz in Monroe: over 100,000 people attended Monroe's jazz festival last summer, several well-known jazz musicians live in Monroe, and the highest-rated radio program in Monroe is 'Jazz nightly.' Finally, a nationwide study indicates that the typical jazz fan spends close to $1,000 per year on jazz entertainment. We therefore predict that the C Note cannot help but make money."

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.

The statement written by a group of developers in the city of Monroe states that a jazz music club would be more profitable enterprise, the author draws evidence from the last year participation of the umpteen numbers of people. Additionally he supports his argument highest radio rated program. Although the claim seems convincing at first, however close scrutiny reveals that there are several flaws in the argument, and it fails to provide logical reasoning to believe whether it would be profitable to set up a jazz music club.

The first claim by the author states that a jazz music club would be more profitable enterprise. The author concludes it on the basis of very trifling reason. First of all he has not mentioned whether people of the area are financially strong enough to bear the cost of the Jazz club. They may be interested in Jazz however they can use DVDs or any other storage material as a substitute.

Secondly, the author has not mentioned if any other club was being set earlier or not. We do not find any evidence of why there has not been any club before. There are various options may be there was a club which failed to operate or there has not been ever a single club. There could be many reasoning for the absence of a jazz club for last many years which the author has not given a heed to depict.

The C type which they suggest to be build is not going to have market. Albeit the author wants to convince us on the basis of the point that since there were so many participant in the last summer festival of Jazz therefore it would also increase audience. We do not know exactly whether the audience was all locals of the same area or visitors. If they were visitors we cannot claim that we can have same rush in the club.

The statistics shown that on an average the amount spent is $ 1000. Spending this much amount on Jazz entertainment does not mean they are going to spend enough on club. May be they spend this much amount Jazz CDs or DVD.

To sum up with, the author has not clearly developed a logical reasoning in support of setting up a Jazz Club in Monroe. More scholarship is required claim whether setting a Jazz Morose will create local market or not. 

Issue Essay 6: No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside that field.

No field of study can advance significantly unless it incorporates knowledge and experience from outside that field.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

At a first glance the statement seems very much convincing to me, however thorough research put me to partially agree with the statement. The author states that unless we have information and experience form out the field, we cannot significantly advance in main concentration.

I partially agree with the statement, although it is important for everyone to have knowledge of the other fields, but to have experience is not mandatory. I would like to support my argument with a pragmatic example. Suppose if I am medical officer I should have enough information about the working conditions of the labor in various industries, so that I can give them precautions for their health safety. Moreover I can treat according to the working condition they are exposed to; however it is not essential for me to have experience as a worker.

The shortcoming of the having a comprehensive experience of the other field it that, firstly, it is not possible for anyone to spent enough energy to have experience of the other fields, and neither it is pragmatic. Additionally if we invest enough time and energy to have experience of the other fields, we would deviate from the main concentration, which is neither productive nor pragmatic approach.

Secondly, in the current competitive age, unless we have information about many other fields we are unable to progress. For example, in order to survive in this competitive environment we should we able use internet efficiently.

I would like to add another example, I am a student of Economics, in order to have more understanding of the field I should have proper understanding of mathematics, as well Statistics. In case I have abstruse understanding of the fields I will not be able to interpret result of the economic results; as a result I will have a spurious understanding of things.

Similarly an engineering student needs to have command over mathematics, as long as he is going to play with the formulae. But in case he fails to understand the mathematical calculations in his studies he will not be able to bring out proper result.

Thirdly, there are some universal subjects, there is a dire need of understanding these subjects, due to reason that, no subject of can survive without them. Among these subjects is mathematics, which is backbone of the all subjects. The point does not end here, every other field, including business, medicine, social sciences and arts are inter dependent on each other.

Forth, I would like to mention some exceptional cases, in which even though if a person has not knowledge of the other fields, still he can survive. This rule applies if one does anything as amateur. We can take example of paintings, and writing. In these field event the professional do not have enough knowledge of other fields, they progress far beyond.

Concluding, with the emerging competition among the various fields there is dire need of understanding of knowledge of other fields. To best of my understanding, until and unless various fields incorporate knowledge and experience of other fields it is hard to progress efficiently.

Argument Essay 8: The following memo appeared in the newsletter of the West Meria Public Health Council

"An innovative treatment has come to our attention that promises to significantly reduce absenteeism in our schools and workplaces. A study reports that in nearby East Meria, where fish consumption is very high, people visit the doctor only once or twice per year for the treatment of colds. This shows that eating a substantial amount of fish can clearly prevent colds. Furthermore, since colds are the reason most frequently given for absences from school and work, attendance levels will improve. Therefore, we recommend the daily use of a nutritional supplement derived from fish oil as a good way to prevent colds and lower absenteeism."

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendations.

The memo which appeared on the West Meria Public Health Council stated that the absenteeism in the area are due to cold, therefore the usage of the fish must be enhanced due to a visit doctor in a year.

The above argument seems convincing at first but close scrutiny reveals that the claim is not supported by reliable arguments which are mentioned as below.

First of all the author has completely neglects other reasons of the absenteeism from the school and work. We exactly don’t know whether the health condition is the mere cause or not, because there is no evidence given. Moreover, no statistics has been given whether only the cold is cause of the absenteeism in the East Meria.

Secondly, based on the assumption that since people in East Meria eat much fish therefore they do not visit doctor frequently, does not gives us strong evidence in relating it with rate of absenteeism. Moreover we do not know whether people in East Meria rarely visit doctor merely due to the consumption of healthy food. Not visiting doctor can have more than on reasons, may be the people their do take medicines directly from Pharmacists. May be they use some conventional methods which are home based for the treatment. May be they get ill but they do not visit doctor due to certain issues including transportation and financial issues.

Thirdly, even if people of West Meria do cold there are several other reasons than having not fish consumption, possibly they do not wear enough clothing; there is possibility that they are prone to extreme weather conditions. Only getting fewer amounts of fish cannot be the sole reason for getting cold.

Furthermore there has not been given any of the authentic statistics whether the only reason behind absenteeism is cold only. Only better health conditions cannot be the mere reasons of high attendance in both school and work in East Meria. People may likely to work more because they get enough pay which intends them to work part time as well. Students may love to go schools because there is much fun as compared to the time spent at homes. Instead of this if there was some sort of statistics of  the numbers of school going and working population, and those who don’t get cold, was given we would have been in a great position to find whether the correlation of both the variables is strong or weak. In the absence of such a statistics it is less likely to have uniformity of thoughts with author.

Lastly, even if all the above assumptions were true, it was not feasible to agree with the claim. The author is comparing two unique places irrespective of the similarity in several areas, like population, weather conditions, schooling systems and work environment. Therefore some conditions which are applied on one place do not necessarily can be applied on the other.

Concluding, thorough analysis showed that, the claim of the author is not strongly supported by the reliable evidences, therefore there is much research required to suggest the some recommendations in order to prevent the high absenteeism in West Meria. Moreover the author has presented a mixture of random causes and effects which needs to be clarified in order to have better recommendations.

Issue Essay 5: Colleges and universities should specify all required courses and eliminate elective courses in order to provide clear guidance for students.

Reason: College students—like people in general—prefer to follow directions rather than make their own decisions.

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the claim and the reason on which that claims is based.

The author states that limited courses should be predefined for the students in order to avoid them to make their own choices. However I don’t agree with the author because every body’s interest varies from one another. For this reason, it is essential to put an open end of the choices for the students.

I would support my point of view with the help of example out of my own life. When I was at university, several numbers of courses were taught. The main subjects which were taught us were the main branches of the economics as compulsory subjects. However after I have been graduated from university I choose one of the subjects from electives for my specialization. Labor Economics was one of the electives at the university. Currently I am conducting macro as well micro research on youth unemployment in Pakistan. It is worth mentioning that youth unemployment is a part of Labor Economics.  These way universities provide a great opportunity for the students to choose one of subject according to their own interest from several subjects.

One of the other things which we observe in our daily lives is that of professions people choose which are not according to the interest of the students. Many of them choose it because of the force by their parents. Later in their lives, they are forced to change their field when they realize their interest. Therefore it is essential for universities to give many other options for the students.

Well as the author mentions that since the college students make their own decisions therefore it is required to not keep an open end, which I disagree, because making one’s own decision is really important to have a successful career. If some people take decision for us, in one or the other we are going to be in trouble in later stages. Therefore it is essential for everybody take subjects of their own choices.

It has also been observed that as long as people want to do something as a passion they invest their every effort, moreover it is also said that, if you are able to find our passion there would not be need to work hard. Which does not mean not to do any work in actual sense; however that means that you will enjoy the work you will do according to your passion.

Similarly, suppose if Mark Zuckerburg was supposed to study medical or  arts probably there won’t made a facebook, the widely used social media network. And probably he won’t be the youngest billionaire. But since he chooses such a field in which he was interested therefore he was able to make a difference.

To sum up with students must be given variety of choices, so that they can choose a course or subject according to their own interest. 

Argument Essay 7: Humans arrived in the Kaliko Islands about 7,000 years ago, and within 3,000 years most of the large mammal species that had lived in the forests of the Kaliko Islands were extinct.

Humans arrived in the Kaliko Islands about 7,000 years ago, and within 3,000 years most of the large mammal species that had lived in the forests of the Kaliko Islands were extinct. Previous archaeological findings have suggested that early humans generally relied on both fishing and hunting for food; since archaeologists have discovered numerous sites in the Kaliko Islands where the bones of fish were discarded, it is likely that the humans also hunted the mammals. Furthermore, researchers have uncovered simple tools, such as stone knives, that could be used for hunting. The only clear explanation is that humans caused the extinction of the various mammal species through excessive hunting.

Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.

Although at first glance it might appear admittedly that, the above statement is highly supportive however close scrutiny reveals that the above arguments are not enough to support the statement given by the author.

Firstly the author argues that after 3000 years of arrival of human to Kaliko Island, a large number of mammal species have been extinct. However he did not mentioned any other factors like eco-system effects, and climate changes in the area. Moreover he also failed whether the species have left the habitat due to the environmental changes. Additionally he also undermines one of the other possibility is that human might have consumed the plants and animals on which the extinct species used to depend on for their food.

Secondly, further analysis reveals that author mentions archaeological findings which were conducted earlier showed that human hunted for their food, which although convinces us to a large extent, however he did not any mentioned any possible hunters other than human being. Since the author is talking about the forest, there must be many more hunters due may be the reason of extinct of the specific mammals.

Thirdly, his statement regarding the simple tools works against the extinction of such a large population of the mammals. Such instruments cannot be reason of huge extinction of the mammals. This point impedes to believe the statement which he has mentioned before. However, the author also did not mention any other possible way of hunting other than the small stone knives, which seems unrealistic to the reader.

Lastly, the existence of the bones of fish is in any case not a good determinant of the human being and it cannot be the only reason for the extinction of the species. In this point the author only assume in the absence of any authentic argument.

Considering all the things, we fail to accept the author’s claim that only human can be the reason of extinction. The author needs to provide us some more reason for the accomplishment of his statement.

Argument Essay 6:The following appeared in a memo from a vice president of Alta Manufacturing.

"During the past year, Alta Manufacturing had thirty percent more on-the-job accidents than nearby Panoply Industries, where the work shifts are one hour shorter than ours. Experts believe that a significant contributing factor in many accidents is fatigue caused by sleep deprivation among workers. Therefore, to reduce the number of on-the-job accidents at Alta, we recommend shortening each of our three work shifts by one hour. If we do this, our employees will get adequate amounts of sleep."

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

 In memo from a vice president of Alta Manufacturing, it appears that the Alta Manufacturing had thirty percent more job accidents than Panoply industries due to the less sleep hours availed by the employees which is as a result of sleep deprivation.

The author’s claim firstly seems to be very convincing but the detailed scrutiny revealed that the claim is not based on reliable reasoning on the basis of following arguments.

First, the author is stating his point of view with reference to one year only. This is not a good prediction of the overall accidents. If the predication was on the basis of couple of years it would have been a good estimate.  There is possibility that it was due to some unusual circumstances during last year, which may include the intake of new employees who do not have enough experience of handling machinery.

Secondly, the author is comparing two of the manufacturing companies without any prior similarities or the basis. He has not mentioned the kind of manufacturing company, which plays essential role in determining the health of the employees and their injuries. There is possibility that Panoly industries are a kind of industry in which employees are less prone to the hazardous work conditions. Contrarily the Alta industries might be some kind of metallurgical industry in which people are highly prone to hazardous work conditions.

Thirdly, further observation shows that he has not mentioned the size of company. There is possibility that Panoly is a small scale industry, where as Alta is a large scale industry. Additionally the argument could be strengthened if he mentions whether each of company follows the international labor laws, or not. Furthermore if a company has well trained labor force, there is less probability to have accidents, alternatively if the labor is not well trained there are high chances of injuries.

Lastly, one more thing the author has taken into consideration is the services of expert, but he fails to mention that whether the expert has properly scrutinized the case or not.

The argument by the author facilitates us up to a considerable extent, however there is enough scholarship required to find why the accidents have been increased in the last year, other than the shortening of the sleep hours. 

Issue Essay 4: Is moderation in all things poor advice?

Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.

The above statement seems convincing at first, but a deep understanding of it results in denial of the statement that the moderation in all the things is not a poor advice.

Moderation is something which is widely accepted. It actually creates enough room for acceptance of much diverse point of views. I disagree with the statement that the moderation in all things is a poor advice. Many of the examples we observe in our daily lives, which obey the principle of moderation and thus they pose a satisfactory impact. Take example of the eating, over eating is harmful for our health; moreover a moderate intake of food is helpful. Moderate intake of food keeps us active all the time conversely over eating engenders sleep and clumsiness.

Another example which I would mention in support of my point of view is that of drug addiction. Drug addiction causes several diseases if it is taken at a large scale. However if it is taken at a moderate level it does not cause harm to the body. Thus you can stay healthy.

Any of the extreme reaction of parents to their children will cause the children to find illegal paths in order to get rid of parent’s behavior. If children are treated in a moderate way. They can have good moral lessons.

I highly agree that as long as we perform moderation in many things, the results are satisfactory. Here I mention the GRE examination. If you are too much tensed about the exam, you will not be able to perform better, conversely if you are easy and relaxed the probability of performing better in the exam is higher. This way you can score well in your exam. Thus both over excitement and over tense result in bad score of your exam.

Being moderate in what we do in our daily lives has very big impact. As we see on different roads and traffic signals to keep our pace of vehicle moderate. The over speed of your car can cause danger to your life and the life of the others. However if you keep a moderate speed it would result safety of lives. Additionally, while arguing on some point state with your friend of college if you give a moderate point of view it will give a good impact. However an aggressive and extreme may cause bad result on your relation.

There is an exception to the above statement. In case of your rights, being moderate less probability of getting your rights. Therefore in this case you need not to be moderate. Because the more moderate and quiet you will be, the more you will be neglected. Moreover there are some areas in which moderation would lead to less chances of success. For example an athlete who is interested in many of the games and sports gets involved many of them, and do not focus on one of them. He would fail to give proper attention to each of them and he will lose competition. In such a case moderation would not be feasible to have better results.

In a nutshell, moderation in many of the aspects can make things easy. Therefore I would highly recommend adopting this policy, to overcome many things except for some cases of competitiveness and accomplishments in which you need to focus on one thing and moderation proves to be poor advice.